“The Rise and Fall of Wisdom”

A Sermon on Ecclesiastes 9:13-10:7

 

March 23, 2003

 

by Rev. Stephen C. Magee

Exeter Presbyterian Church

 


Ecclesiastes 9:13-10:7

 

        13 This wisdom I have also seen under the sun, and it seemed great to me:

 

14  There was a little city with few men in it; and a great king came against it, besieged it, and built great snares around it. 15 Now there was found in it a poor wise man, and he by his wisdom delivered the city. Yet no one remembered that same poor man.

 

16 Then I said:

 

        "Wisdom is better than strength.

 

        Nevertheless the poor man's wisdom is despised,

        And his words are not heard.

 

        17 Words of the wise, spoken quietly, should be heard

        Rather than the shout of a ruler of fools.

        18 Wisdom is better than weapons of war;

 

        But one sinner destroys much good."

 

        10:1 Dead flies putrefy the perfumer's ointment,

        And cause it to give off a foul odor;

        So does a little folly to one respected for wisdom and honor.

 

        2 A wise man's heart is at his right hand,

        But a fool's heart at his left.

        3 Even when a fool walks along the way,

        He lacks wisdom,

        And he shows everyone that he is a fool.

 

        4 If the spirit of the ruler rises against you,

        Do not leave your post;

        For conciliation pacifies great offenses.

 

        5 There is an evil I have seen under the sun,

        As an error proceeding from the ruler:

        6 Folly is set in great dignity,

        While the rich sit in a lowly place.

        7 I have seen servants on horses,

        While princes walk on the ground like servants.

Introduction: Americans, Might, and Right

           

            At the beginning of the 21st century, the United States finds itself in the position of being the only superpower in the world.  At this very moment we are engaged in a war with another country, and there is little question concerning our ability to overwhelm their military, or so it would seem to us.  We also look at our intentions in this conflict, and together with our allies, principally the British, it would appear to most reasonable observers that we are doing something that should be done, and doing it in a way that will minimize the loss of civilian lives while accomplishing our goal of further protecting the security of our nation.  It would seem that we desire to be the conqueror of no one else’s land, despite our tremendous military strength.

            In these last few years since the fall of the Soviet Union, we have grown used to thinking of ourselves as having both might and right.  We shudder to think of some of the regimes of the world attaining to the level of power that we now enjoy.  We are not at all persuaded that others would use the strength that we possess in a way that would be honorable.  Imagine if the nation that we are currently fighting against had the economic and political strength that we have.  But they do not.  The Sudanese do not have such power.  The North Koreans do not have such power.  I am not ashamed to admit to you that I am quite grateful that such obvious tyrants are no match for us.  Still, I am concerned about our own moral weakness and pride, but it is not my purpose to discuss these problems this morning.

            As I introduce these ancient words of wisdom from the ninth and tenth chapters of Ecclesiastes, I simply wish to note this fact: Over the course of just a few years, we have grown very used to the fact that in the field of international affairs, we possess both might and right, both strength and wisdom.  This has quickly become to us a most normal state of affairs.  But it is not at all normal.  Twenty years ago it was not clear that we had such superiority and strength.  Even less than two years ago we suffered an attack from an enemy who caught us off guard, destroying many lives, much property, and our economic security by taking control of our own planes and using them as weapons against us.  We had great strength through the technology of our missiles, but would we be able to defend against suspicious white powder sent in a simple envelop to an unsuspecting recipient?

            Today we have power, but tomorrow we could feel very vulnerable again.  Over the course of human history, it has not at all been a given that those who had might would also have right – that those who had strength would also have wisdom.  It would seem that such a combination is not all that common in the pages of history.  Nations and peoples who have not shared our moral and ethical heritage have often been quite powerful.

 

The Story

 

            Solomon begins this passage with an account, a parable, a story of “a little city with few men in it.”  The point of this detail is that this city was not a particularly strong city.  It was vulnerable to the attack of more formidable powers that might come against it.  This is how the story proceeds.  “A great king came against it,” that is a powerful king, a powerful foe.  The little city with few men seemed to be in big trouble.  The powerful king built siege works against the little city, surrounding it in such a way that there could be no escape or deliverance.  But, in a most unexpected development, there was found in the little city “a poor wise man, and he by his wisdom delivered the city.”  We don’t know how he was identified by the powers that be in the city, or what his word of wisdom was.  All we are told is that somehow it worked, and the city was saved through this wisdom.  Wisdom seemed to prevail.  But there is one more sentence in the parable. “Yet no one remembered that same poor man.”  At the end of the story, he remained a poor wise man, and his wisdom was not appreciated by the populace, despite the fact that it was powerful for the protection of the land.  Wisdom was effective, but in some sense unable to hold on to the place of victory. 

 

Some Reflections Upon the Story

 

            Solomon proceeds to give seven points of reflection upon this parable.  Before we proceed with these, it is worth noting that before he told the story, he mentioned that the wisdom that he received from it seemed great to him (verse 13).  Here are the seven things that he reflects upon in these verses.

 

1. Wisdom is better than strength.

           

            The city was delivered by wisdom, despite the strength of the adversary.  Wisdom was shown to be superior to brute force.  For this reason, our ears should be attentive to wisdom.  It is important for us to remember what wisdom is.  It is more than raw intelligence, or data, or knowledge.  Wisdom is connected in the Bible with holiness of life lived in the presence of God.  It is the sum of a right orientation of the heart that yields wise choices in daily living.  It cuts through the fog of prevailing worldly deceptions, sees things clearly, and acts accordingly.  This is more powerful than weapons of mass destruction.  Wisdom should be heard, even though it may be spoken quietly by someone without prestige or power.

 

2. Wisdom is sometimes unheard, despised, or forgotten.

 

            There are times when no one is attentive to wisdom at all.  Righteous Lot tried to warn his sons-in-law concerning the coming destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, but they could not seem to hear him.  It appeared to them that he was joking (Genesis 19:14).  On other occasions wisdom is heard, but it is despised.  The prophet Jeremiah had important words of wisdom for the king in Jerusalem, words that were written on a scroll.  But the king destroyed the scroll piece by piece, cutting it with a scribe's knife as it was read to him, and casting it into the fire (Jeremiah 36:23).  In other cases, as in the story before us, wisdom is heard and even appreciated, but it is soon forgotten.

 

3. Sinful foolishness overthrows much wisdom.

 

            The next reflection is the one that begins to have some bite to it.  In this world of common curse, this world under the sun, foolishness has its own special power.  It does not take much foolishness to win the day.  The foggy clouds of deception can roll back in again so quickly and the fresh breeze of wisdom that had granted such clarity of vision is soon forgotten.  In a society, this seeming victory of foolishness over wisdom can come through even one sinful fool, for “one sinner destroys much good.”  This point is abundantly proven through the pages of Scripture, and is amply attested in the annals of history. 

            Leadership skills and forceful rhetoric are powerful tools for either good or evil.  Yesterday’s paper included a story from the legacy of the first gulf war.  Apparently hundreds of thousands of Iraqis who prematurely celebrated the demise of Saddam in the 1990s were slain by the order of that one sinful man who managed to stay in power that time around.  We can earnestly hope that those who are celebrating the imminent liberation of their nation today will not meet with a similar end.  From Adam to Cain to Lamach to Pharaoh to Judas to Caiaphas to Nero to Hitler to Pol Pot to Saddam, “one sinner destroys much good.”

 

4. A little foolishness in a man overthrows much wisdom.

 

            This problem of the victory of foolishness within a society can also be seen within an individual.  We are told that even “a little folly” in one “respected for wisdom and honor” is like dead fleas in something that is supposed to be pure and fragrant.  Solomon was such a man himself, respected for wisdom and honor, and yet his episodes of folly were devastating.  Using his own metaphor, he had more than a few fleas, despite his great wisdom.

            All of us unfortunately have the same disease.  As the author himself stated in Ecclesiastes 8:11, "the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to do evil."  We too apparently have some fleas in our perfume, just as Solomon himself had more than a little folly.

 

5. Foolishness is fairly obvious to obvious to observe.

 

            The next point that the author makes is that this problem of human foolishness is not exactly a secret issue.  A man's folly is obvious to all.  Where is the wise man without a little folly?  As Solomon said earlier in Ecclesiastes 7:28, such a wise man is one among a thousand.

            The “victory” of foolishness is that it seems to overwhelm wisdom, and this is fairly obvious to all.  In fact, the fool cannot even go out for a walk without showing forth his foolishness.

 

6.  Stay humbly at your post despite the foolishness of a ruler.

 

            If we are not to be surprised when we see the power of foolishness in even the wise and the honorable, it should not be a complete shock to us to find foolishness in our leaders.  What are we to do when we see sin in high places?  We know that we are called to submit to those in authority.  Solomon gives us some very practical guidance here.  Even when we find ourselves to be the victim of the foolishness of a superior, or the victim of our own foolishness, we are to remain steady, and to stay at our post.  As we learn in Proverbs, a “gentle answer turns away wrath.”  As much as it depends upon us, we should do our best to be conciliatory, and look to see a corresponding yield of gentleness on the part of those who have authority over us.

 

7.  Fools often win in this life, and wise nobles often lose.

 

            When all is said and done, we need to remember that our hope is not in this world.  Expectations of wisdom always prevailing in this life are unwarranted.  Also, expectations that those who have strength will always be those who have wisdom are misplaced.  This seems to be the message of this passage.  Do we understand why those who seem to us well-suited for leadership often have no opportunity to use their gifts, and those who seem to us to be troublesome rulers are sometimes placed by God in positions of authority?  No, we do not.  As we have seen throughout this cycle, the wisdom of God is beyond us.  But what we have learned is this.  Wisdom is excellent, and to be sought after, but it does not always prevail in this world of common curse.

           

The Rise of Wisdom

 

            As we have considered the story at the beginning of this text, and Solomon's seven-fold reflections upon it, we see both the superiority and the defeat of wisdom in this world under the sun.  We long for a place where wisdom will prevail forever.  We know that wisdom can save the city.  We want it to be heard, appreciated, followed, and remembered.

           

The Fall of Wisdom

           

            But we see the obvious limitations of wisdom.  The power of foolishness is evident.  It is plain for everyone to see.  We see the victory of foolishness in ourselves, since we so easily erase the worth of the wisdom and honor that we possess with just a little bit of deadly folly.  We also see the leavening effect of foolishness within our society, as the fog of the devil's deceptions seems to overshadow our world.

            If I consider the current war that we are fighting, I wonder if we will prevail against our enemies in far-away lands, only to be destroyed by our own foolishness here at home.

 

Wisdom is Better  Wisdom Rises Again.

 

            Yet we must still concluded with Solomon that wisdom is better than all earthly power.  There is a Wisdom that has visited us in person in Jesus Christ.  His words and His actions seemed to rise in the hearts of the populace of His day for a time.  They were amazed that he taught with authority, and they marvelled at His command over every power, defeating the wind and the waves, and even death itself with a simple commanding word.

            Christ is our wisdom and our power.  In this world he brought forth a wisdom that seemed weak, but which prevails.  It is the wisdom of the cross.  The power of the cross was not displayed in the approval of a cursed world.  The power of the wisdom of Christ was ultimately displayed in His resurrection.  It is that same resurrection power which is at work in us by the Spirit of God.  Wisdom may seem to rise, and wisdom may seem to fall, at least in the opinion of men.  Where the wisdom of God truly shines is when wisdom rises again.  It is this resurrection that we have come to believe in.  We have seen the power of the cross in taking away our sins, and the power of the resurrection in assuring us of the certainty of the promises of God for all who would believe.  I call you to this resurrection faith and to this resurrection wisdom this morning.

            So what should you do now?  Stay on your post, and live the life of sacrificial love in faith today and always.  As dearly-loved children, follow the Lord of wisdom.  Though you wonder how it could be that foolishness seems to prevail in so many places, remember that the wisdom of God is beyond us.  Set your heart on resurrection thinking, and work faithfully at your post until that day when the Lord relieves you of your earthly duties.